Keywords
automation technologies
sustainable digital transformation
Green IT
SMEs
governance
Data Availability Statement
No new data were generated or analyzed in this review article. All information discussed is available from the cited references.
How to Cite
Abstract
Cloud computing has become an important enabler of digital transformation by providing organizations with scalable, flexible, and on-demand access to computing resources. For small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), cloud-based services offer opportunities to modernize operations while reducing the need for substantial investments in local infrastructure and specialized IT resources. This study presents a structured literature review of research published between 2010 and 2024 examining the relationships among cloud computing, automation technologies, and Green IT practices in SME environments. The findings indicate that cloud adoption may enhance operational efficiency through improved scalability, resource optimization, and process automation. In addition, cloud-enabled infrastructures can support sustainability objectives by promoting more efficient resource utilization and reducing dependence on locally maintained hardware. However, the literature also identifies important challenges, including cybersecurity concerns, vendor lock-in, migration complexity, and governance requirements associated with the Shared Responsibility Model. Based on the synthesis of the reviewed studies, a conceptual framework is proposed that integrates operational efficiency, automation capabilities, sustainability outcomes, and governance considerations as interconnected dimensions of sustainable digital transformation in SMEs. The review suggests that the benefits of cloud adoption depend on organizational readiness, effective governance, and alignment between technological implementation and sustainability goals.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Alejandro Orbea, Javier Grefa (Author)